Banjar Cultural Impact on South Kalimantan Architecture

Abstract

This review synthesizes studies on how Banjar culture shapes the traditional architecture of South Kalimantan, focusing on cultural identity, architectural typology, symbolism, environmental adaptation, and cross-cultural influences. Literature was selected for its relevance to Banjar architecture, including qualitative and quantitative works using field observation, simulation, and comparative analysis. Findings highlight the Bubungan Tinggi and Lanting houses as key typologies reflecting social hierarchy and environmental context. Symbolic motifs blend Islamic and indigenous elements in spatial and decorative design, while adaptive features such as passive cooling, natural ventilation, and floating foundations respond effectively to tropical swamp environments. Acculturation with Malay, Dayak, and Javanese cultures enriches form and aesthetics. Construction techniques employ sustainable wood systems suited for swampy terrains, though modernization poses durability challenges. Overall, the review underscores the interconnection between culture, environment, and technology, calling for preservation strategies and adaptive design to sustain Banjar architectural heritage.